Estimating risk in clinical studies: odds ratio and risk ratio
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Odds Ratio, Hazard Ratio and Relative Risk
Odds ratio (OR) is a statistic commonly encountered in professional or scientific medical literature. Most readers perceive it as relative risk (RR), although most of them do not know why that would be true. But since such perception is mostly correct, there is nothing (or almost nothing) wrong with that. It is nevertheless useful to be reminded now and then what is the relation between the rel...
متن کاملStatistical notes for clinical researchers: Risk difference, risk ratio, and odds ratio
72 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Statistical notes for clinical researchers: Risk difference, risk ratio, and odds ratio ...
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Both the odds ratio and the relative risk compare the relative likelihood of an event occurring between two groups. The relative risk is easier to interpret and is consistent with general intuition. Some designs, however, allow only for the calculation of the odds ration. Covariate adjustment is easier for an odds ratio. Finally, the odds ratio avoids ambiguity by being invariant to lthe labeli...
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In traditional (cumulative-incidence) case-control studies, the exposure odds ratio can be used as an estimator of the risk ratio only when the disease under study is rare. The case-cohort study is a recently developed useful modification of the case-control study. This design allows direct estimation of the risk ratio from a fixed cohort, but does not require any rare-disease assumption. This ...
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In medical and epidemiological studies, the odds ratio is a commonly applied measure to approximate the relative risk or risk ratio in cohort studies. It is well known such an approximation is poor and can generate misleading conclusions, if the incidence rate of a study outcome is not rare. However, there are times when the incidence rate is not directly available in the published work. Motiva...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia
سال: 2020
ISSN: 1806-3756
DOI: 10.36416/1806-3756/e20200137